Using a benchtop tensile testing machine, determine the youngs modulus, yield stress, ultimate tensile stress, ductility, and toughness of aluminum, brass and steel. From knowledge of the specimen geometry we can calculate the engineering stress and strain from the load vs. Pdf objectives students are required to understand the principle of a uniaxial tensile testing and gain their practices on operating the. Strength can have many meanings, so let us take a closer look at what is meant by the strength of a material. This laboratory experiment is designed to demonstrate the procedure used for obtaining mechanical properties as modulus of elasticity, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength uts, toughness, uniform elongation. The important part of the specimen is the gage section. These resistances come due to atomic bonding between atoms of the material. The results show that the quantitative criterion for a valid shpb test is also applicable to dynamic tensile tests and it is an unbiased method as compared to the qualitative method used in the.
A typical instron load frame used for tensile testing. Tensile testing of metals objective the tensile test measures the resistance of a material to a static or slowly applied force. Tensile testing and hardness testing of various metals technical report submitted to. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The tensile test comes under the destructive test where we apply the gradually increased load up to the material get fracture. As mentioned earlier the tensile test is used to provide information that will be used in design calculations or to demonstrate that a material complies with the requirements of the appropriate specification it may therefore be either a quantitative or a qualitative test. When the material is being streched, it experiencing elastic and plastic deformation. Obtaining the physical properties through an experiment reflective of the application is one of the key steps that must be done before a selection can be made, since properties from idealized tests do not necessarily reflect the application environment of the material. In this test a cylindrical or a plate shaped specimen is deformed by applying a uniaxial force as shown in the figure below. This experiment requires the use of several mechanical transducers that. Abstract tensile test method for the determining of the structural properties of individual carbon fibers carlton metcalfdoetsch honors mentor. Me 105 mechanical engineering laboratory spring quarter. Show the completed lab report and take the signature from your tas. Also the yield strength, tensile strength, the changes in length and area, youngs modulus and rupture stress were determined too.
Mechanical and physical testing of biocomposites, fibrereinforced composites and hybrid composites, 2019. Detailed steps required to check ultimate tensile strength using universal testing machine of any specimen, 2. It is used to characterize the mechanical properties. Uniaxial tensile testing uniaxial tensile test is known as a basic and universal engineering test to achieve material parameters such as ultimate strength, yield strength, % elongation, % area of reduction and youngs modulus. Lab 3 tension test objectives concepts background experimental procedure report requirements discussion objectives experimentally determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and modules of elasticity and ductility of given materials. A material when subjected to a tensile load resists the applied load by developing internal resisting force. Tensile testing involves applying a force on opposite ends of the specimen and pulling outwardly until the metal breaks to determine the strain, stress, yield. Lab manual study the utm and perform the tensile test. The basic idea of a tensile test is to place a sample of a material between two fixtures called grips which clamp the material. Conclusions and recommendations conclusions from the tensile test experiment using tensile test machine, the mechanical properties of a material can be obtained. Concepts the linear relationship is hookes law that represents elastic deformation. The object of this experiment is to measure the tensile properties of two polymeric materials, steel and aluminum at a constant strain rate on the tension testing machine. These machines were manufactured by the applied test systems corporation and we usually refer to them as the ats machines, or load frames. Introductiontheory tensile testing is one of the most simple and widely used materiel tests available.
For safe design of these components, there ultimate tensile strength and ductility one to be determine before actual use. The purpose of this experiment is to understand the uniaxial tensile testing and provide knowledge of the application of the tensile test machine. The data produced in a tensile test can be used in many ways including. The engineering tensile test is also known as tension test which vary widely used for providing the base of the design information on the strength of material and as an acceptance test for the specification of the materials. Tensile testing is used to find the behaviour of the material when it is subjected to a slowly applied tensile load up to when the material gets. The hardness test is preferred because it is simple, easy, and relatively nondestructive. Jun 07, 2012 the lloyd tensile testing machine is used in this experiment. The tensile test is method to measure the mechanical properties of materials. The forces throughout the sample and test machine are constant, but the stress varies with cross sectional area. Apr 06, 20 lab 2 tensile test abstract the aim behind this experiment was to put mild steel, copper and aluminium through a tensile test, with mild steel being tabulated and graphed to show its properties and how they could be used in the real world. From performing the tensile test the following properties will be determined. Materials that are sensitive to strain rates exhibit higher tensile strengths and lower elongations at faster speeds.
For brinell experiment, student has to calculate the bhn and depth of impression h. The carbon fiber composite material has a much higher tensile strength and modulus of elasticity than the other materials. The material samples used were a36 steel and 6061t6 aluminum. The lloyd tensile testing machine is used in this experiment. A tensile test sample was machined from 1018 steel stock 106. Lab 2 tensile test abstract the aim behind this experiment was to put mild steel, copper and aluminium through a tensile test, with mild steel being tabulated and graphed to show its properties and how they could be used in the real world. We will look at a very easy experiment that provides lots of information about the strength or the mechanical behavior of a material, called the tensile test.
References asm international, hardness testing, 2nd edition, 06671g. The purpose of this lab was to apply the tensile test for two different materials steel and aluminum in order to determine the stressstrain relationship in them. Tensile tests are very simple, relatively, inexpensive, and fully standardized. Tensile test is one of the most important mechanical property evaluation test. Conclusion we were able to successfully tensile test. By comparing the values of the two metals we can see that mild steel has higher values in all of the three properties which means. The experimental values determined during the tensile tests match up very closely to the theoretical values for these polymers.
This experiment also familiarized the students with the instron load frame, bluehill data acquisition software, and the general steps to performing a tensile test on a reduced gage section specimen. The test unit will be introduced in the laboratory before the experiment by the relevant assistant. In the tensile test of welds the welded tensile specimen breaks at the base metal. Tensile test experiment materials science and engineering. Tesha for his excellence lecturing of tensile testing of material theories and mr.
A tensile test is a physical experimental evaluation performed on materials to determine their suitability for specific engineering or construction applications to ensure quality. The objective of this experiment is to investigate the behavior of two material specimens under a tensile test. The procedure based on the astm c496 standard test method of cylindrical concrete specimen which similar to other codes lik is 5816 1999. For this section of the laboratory experiment, a metal cu, 99. Lab report tensile test introduction the purpose of this.
The specimen will be place into the tensile test machine. Oct 21, 2011 to calculate the youngs modulus, i recommend that you use an extension of about 0. The tensile machine consist of two clamps, movable and stationary, load cell a transducer that is used to convert a force into electrical signal and grip distance the length between the two clamps that holds the specimen. Example long laboratory report mechanical properties of. We then begin to apply weight to the material gripped at one end while the other end is fixed. Example long laboratory report mechanical properties of 1018. Dimensions of the sample before and after the test discusson and conclusion material steel.
Abstract this experiment was conducted so as compare the mechanical properties of aluminium and mild. Introduction tensile testing is one of the simplest and most widely used mechanical tests. Burton for his excellence directives during the tensile test process. The dynaflex sample is somewhat inaccurate due to the inability to run a full test. To conduct a tensile test on a mild steel specimen and determine the following. However, the recorded tensile values and especially the elongation after fracture are lower than the respective. It measures the force required to break a composite or plastic specimen and the extent to which the specimen stretches or elongates to that breaking point. These important parameters obtained from the standard tensile testing are useful for the selection of. To avoid end effects from the shoulders, the length of the transition region should be at least as great as the diameter, and the total length of the reducedsectionshould. Below is a snap shot of an actual tensile test being taken on a sample material. The universal testing machine can be used to determine the tensile strengths of. Test load is selected between 1 and 120 kgf depending on the hardness of materials.
Tensile test diagram strength of materials mechanical engineering duration. With the advancement and continuing integration of composite materials and technology in todays modern industries, research in this field is becoming more and more significant. The main instruments used in this experiment are the uniaxial testing machines. Experiment 4 testing of mat erials in tension object. Furthermore, splitting tensile strength test on concrete cylinder is a method to determine the tensile strength of concrete. Tensile testing and hardness testing of various metals. E, 1 mpa 106 pa engineering strain is the change in length of the.
Tensile testing is a destructive test process that provides information about the tensile strength, yield strength, and ductility of the metallic material. Mar 02, 2018 the mechanical properties which were determined were youngs modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength, percentage elongation after fracture, percentage reduction of area, nominal stressstrain diagram and true stressstrain diagram 1. Iso 15630 and din 4882 tensile test on concrete steel duration. It is also possible to apply micro hardness testing by keeping the force between 5 grf and 2 kgf in vickers scale. Rockwell test in the rockwell test, a diamond cone or a hard steel ball is employed as the indenter depending on the hardness of materials. A reduced gage section specimen made from 6061t6 aluminum, ready for tensile testing. Mar 08, 2016 astm d3330 test method a 180 peel test on single coated tape mecmesin force measurement duration.
So a tensile test is a static test as a sub classification tensile testing is used to find the behaviour of the material when it is subjected to a slowly applied tensile load up to when the material gets a fracture. This test is a destructive method, in which a specimen of a standard shape and dimensions prepared according to astm d 638tandard test method for tensile properties of. Tensile test lab report yield engineering deformation. The materials to be investigated are copper and steel.
Abstract tensile test method for the determining of the. The testing procedure was repeated for the rest of the specimens. Cast iron rockwell b test brinell 10500 hardness test average 96. Experiment 4 testing of materials in tension object. The idea of this tensile test experiment is to calculate the specific material properties from each material tested and see how they compare to a standard reference of the same materials properties already provided in the real world. Tensile testing provides data on the integrity and safety of materials, components and products, helping manufacturers ensure that their finished products are fitforpurpose and manufactured to the highest quality. The rate at which a test is performed can have a significant effect on tensile properties. The basics on the operation of universal testing machine were also learnt during this experiment. One end of the sample is fixed in a static grip while the other end of the specimen is pulled at a constant velocity. To calculate the youngs modulus, i recommend that you use an extension of about 0. Brass rockwell b test brinell 10500 hardness test average 71. The grips were not able to hold on to this polymer sample, and the specimen slipped out of them before a full test could be run.
Steps to check and record brinell hardness of specimen, 3. Both the load stress and the test piece extension strain are measured and from this data an engineering stressstrain curve is constructed, fig. For structural applications of materials such as bridges, pressure vessels, ships. Testing system the testing system consists of a tensile testing machine, a load cell, a power supply and an xy recorder. Consider the typical tensile specimen shown in fig.
Splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimen. This publication is being made available in pdf format as a benefit to members and. The material has known dimensions, like length and crosssectional area. Conclusion we were able to successfully tensile test aluminium and mild steel using the universal testing machine, from the data obtained we were able to successfully obtain the youngs modulus, ultimate tensile strength and yield stress values of the two metals. Example long laboratory report mechanical properties. The characterization data obtained from a tensile test is used directly for structural analysis and design. Object the purpose of this experiment is to understand the uniaxial tensile testing and provide knowledge of the application of the tensile test machine. So a tensile test is a static test as a sub classification. The strain hardening phenomenon is occur when the material is getting strengthened. Tensile properties for plastics, polymers and steels are very sensitive to testing rates, but aluminum alloys exhibit little sensitivity. It relates the effect of a uniaxial tensile load force on the elongation change in length of a standard specimen. The region of minimum cross section had dimensions 6. Abstract this experiment was conducted so as compare the mechanical properties of aluminium and mild steel. I did a tensile test for a deformed steel bar with diameter of 10 mm using using uhx universal hydraulic test machine shimadzu300kn.
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